SOUTH DAKOTA V. DOLE
483 U.S. 203 (1987)
NATURE OF THE CASE: This is an appeal of the lower federal courts' decision denying
declaratory judgment sought by the state to the effect that a federal statute was
unconstitutional.
FACTS: A presidential commission concluded that the lack of uniformity in the States'
drinking ages created an incentive to drink and drive because young persons commute to
border States where the drinking age is lower. Congress enacted 20 U.S.C. sec. 158, which
directs the Secretary of Transportation to withhold 5% of the federal highway funds
otherwise payable to states from any State which permits purchase or public possession of
any alcoholic beverage by a person less than 21 years old. South Dakota, which permitted
persons 19 years of age or older to purchase 3.2% beer, sought a declaratory judgment that
sec. 158 violated constitutional limits on the congressional spending power and also
violated the Twenty-first Amendment. Petitioner South Dakota permits persons 19 years of age
or older to purchase beer containing up to 3.2% alcohol. The District Court rejected the
State's claims, and the Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit affirmed.
ISSUE:
RULE OF LAW:
HOLDING AND DECISION:
LEGAL ANALYSIS:
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